Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Options and Long-Term Care


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Ulcerative colitis is a lifelong condition leading to inflammation and ulcers inside your colon or large intestine. Also known as UC, it is one of the most common types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), alongside Crohn’s disease. The symptoms of this condition include abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea. People with this condition often poop more. People having this condition experience symptoms and flare-ups, followed by longer periods where no symptoms would show up, and then suddenly, the condition would flare up again. Therefore, it is vital to take long-term care for this condition seriously.

As per the researchers, the cause of ulcerative colitis is complex and has many risk factors. According to them, UC is related to an overactive immune response. The immune system protects the body from germs and other dangerous substances. However, in some cases, the immune system may mistakenly attack your body, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

What are the Treatment Options of Ulcerative Colitis?

After examining your condition and discussing your symptoms, the doctor may suggest the following treatment options:

Medication

Medication for ulcerative colitis helps to suppress the inflammation, allowing tissue to heal. If you experience symptoms like bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and cramping, the doctor may prescribe medicines to control the symptoms.

In addition to suppressing the symptoms, medicines also help in decreasing the frequency of flare-ups of symptoms and maintaining remission. When you regularly follow the medication, the periods of remission may be extended, and this condition may be managed in the long term.

Combination Therapy

Some doctors suggest combination therapy as a part of the treatment of ulcerative colitis. For instance, combination therapy may include the addition of a biologic to an immunomodulator.

Adding combination therapies has several benefits. The combination can make the treatment more effective. That said, some people may not respond well to this combination and experience side effects, including toxicity. It is, therefore, advised to always consult an experienced professional for the treatment of UC.

Diet & Nutrition


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While diet and nutrition do not fall under the purview of treatment for UC, being mindful about your food habits can help you manage the symptoms of this condition. The symptoms of this condition tend to aggravate with certain food items. Thus, it is vital to maintain a healthy and soothing diet that can reduce your symptoms to a certain extent.

Good nutrition plays a role in reducing the symptoms and promoting healing. The symptoms of UC, such as diarrhea, may reduce the body’s ability to absorb protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and even water. The doctor and his healthcare team work together to design a diet to reduce inflammation in your stomach. It is vital to include a variety of food items from all food groups and restrict spicy, oily, and dairy products.

Surgery

When everything else fails, surgery comes forth as the last resort for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. As per reports, 20% of patients with this condition go through surgery. The procedure so performed removes the colon.

Depending on various factors, such as your overall health, age, and extent of the disease, the doctor may choose one of the following surgical approaches to treat your condition.

  • Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch: This procedure is the most common surgical treatment for UC. It removes the colon and rectum, but leaves the anus intact. The surgeon creates an ileal pouch with a section of small intestine attached to the anus. Once you are completely healthy, this new section acts as a rectum, allowing you to pass stools.

  • Proctocolectomy and Ileostomy: If the ileal pouch is not the right option for you, the surgeon will recommend a permanent ileostomy without the pouch. Under this procedure, they will remove the colon, rectum, and anus. An opening will be made in your belly to attach to a pouch outside your body. This pouch collects the stools and is required to be emptied regularly.

Living with Ulcerative Colitis – Long-Term Care

The diagnosis of UC may be overwhelming. So, it is crucial to learn to manage the condition to maintain your quality of life.

  • Management of Symptoms: Ensure you look after the symptoms of the condition and manage them through regular medication. Do not skip medicines even when you feel well. Continuous medication helps prevent flare-ups. Additionally, be mindful of your stress levels.

  • Follow-ups and Screenings: It is vital to visit for regular screenings of the condition. In many patients, UC may increase the risk of colon cancer. Thus, regular follow-ups and screenings are a must, even when you don’t experience symptoms.

  • Lifestyle Modifications: You must make important modifications in your lifestyle to manage this condition in the long term. It includes eating a balanced diet and maintaining hydration levels. Work with a professional and find a diet offering adequate nutrition without triggering symptoms. Stay well-hydrated, especially during flare-ups. Avoid smoking and limit the intake of alcohol to feel better in the long run.

Takeaway

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic condition that requires proper care. Be mindful of the flare-ups and check for any new symptoms. Visit the doctor immediately when you experience any. Listen to their advice in managing UC in the long term.

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